做晩餐是make dinner,做簡報是make a presentation,做決定是make a decision,那做惡夢是什麼?憑直覺可能會說錯:

I made a bad dream.(X)

 
 

I had a bad dream.(O)

再舉一個例子,曾經聽學生提到要做簡報,她說了:

I'll have to do a presentation next week.(X)

I'll have to make a presentation next week.(O)

有些字很簡單,簡單到像make、have、do,如果只用中文「做」直譯,還是會搞錯。要避免中式表達,要瞭解它的概念,而不只是中文意思。

 

一、Do和make的差別:Do著重過程(process),Make講結果(product)

 

 

 

 

來做一下比較:

He is doing some thinking.(他在思考。)

He has made a decision.(他己經做了決定。)

Thinking是一個過程,用do;decision是一個結果,用make。

He does the cooking at home.(他在家煮飯。)

He made dinner.(他做了晚餐。)

Cooking是一個過程,用do,dinner是煮好了的成果,用make。

do著重過程:

do the housework(做家事)

do my homework(做功課)

do business(做生意)

do exercises(做運動)

do the laundry(洗衣服)

Make講究結果:

make coffee(煮咖啡)

make a promise(做承諾)

make enemies(樹敵)

make a difference(改變、有影響)

make it a rule(養成習慣)

 

二、Make和have的差別:make時間短,have時間長

 

make這個字在解釋為「做」的時候,時間較為短暫,表示一下子就完成的事情,做的事情也是屬於比較具體的事。Have則是時間長。

Make時間短:

make a copy(影印)

make a bed(鋪床)

make a call(打電話)

make a lasting impression(留下深刻印象)

Have時間長:

have a dream(做夢)

have a long conversation(談了很久)

have a meeting(開會)

have one's birthday(慶生)

 

文章轉自 {商業週刊}

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