我們常告訴學生,不要一直「背」單字,因為當你背單字、查字典的時候,重點會放在知道它的「字面意思」,而不去瞭解它真正含意。所以很容易就講出"We'll wait for you at twelve o'clock."(我們中午12點等你來)這類的句子。

會這麼說,是知道wait這個是「等」,但這種等是指別人遲到、延誤,該來而不來讓你等待。和人相約,別人在辦公室等你,這類的等,其實是「see」、「expect」期待的概念。一起來看看英文裡的預期和等待。

 
 

 

1.anticipate/expect(預期): anticipate主動、expect被動

 

expect是單純地「認為某件事會發生」,而anticipate是「預期某件事會發生,且做好充分準備」:

我們預期今年的銷售會掉。

We anticipate that the sales will drop this year.→(銷售很有可能會掉,已做好準備)

We expect that the sales will drop this year.→(單純認為銷售會掉)

好的主管應該能夠預期競爭對手對價格變化的反應。

(O)A good manager shall be able to anticipate competitors'reaction to price changes.

(X)A good manager shall be able to expect competitors'reaction to price changes.

我沒有料到今早會見到你。

(O)I didn't expect to see you this morning.

(X)I didn't anticipate to see you this morning.

(O)I didn't anticipate seeing you this morning.

Anticipate不能和to連用。

Expect也有「認為某人會到達」的意思 :

我們明天12點見。

(O)We'll expect you tomorrow at twelve o'clock.

(O)We'll see you tomorrow at twelve o'clock.

(X)We'll wait for you tomorrow at twelve o'clock.

注意!wait(for)有強調「時間流逝」或「遲到」的意味,在此不適用。

 

2.Wait看起來簡單,用法卻很多樣,不要執著在字面意思

 

That matter can wait.

(X)那件事可以等。

(O)那件事可暫時擱置一下。

I can't wait to see you.

(X)我無法與你見面。

(O)我迫不急待想見你。

Just you wait, till I get my hand on you!

(X)等我喔,我會伸手援手。

(O)等著瞧,我會抓住你。

The old man has no one to wait on him.

(X)那老人沒有人等。

(O)那個老人沒有人服侍。

例句參考:http://dictionary.cambridge.org/

 

本文轉自 {商業週刊}

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