資料來源: http://blog.udn.com/trjason/3541538
摘要 (abstract)
1. Many non-native speakers need to learn how to give oral presentations, and there is a great deal of general literature on their preparation. 2. There is little specific guidance, however, on how students can use language to shape their work and to signal their intentions. 3. Using a group of undergraduate students as an example, this paper will argue that the clause relational analysis developed by Hoey and Winter (1986) can provide a framework for oral presentations, as well as giving them greater cohesion, and a method of analyzing their effectiveness.
許多非母語者需要學習如何用口語報告，而且目前已有大量的一般性研究其報告的文獻。然而特定引導學生使用語言來型塑其表現和指出意圖的研究卻很少。本研究以一群大學部學生為例，主張使用Hoey 和 Winter (1986)所發展的子句關係分析法來作為口語報告的架構，並增進報告的連貫性，以及分析其成效的方式。
l 講解:
1. Many non-native speakers need to learn how to give oral presentations, and there is a great deal of general literature on their preparation.
第一句由兩個子句組成，前一子句先指出研究的主題，亦即學習口語報告，用對等連接詞and連接後一子句；後一子句則說明目前的研究文獻多集中在一般性的論述，為第二個句子留下伏筆。形容大量文獻時可用a great deal of，而文獻literature之後的介系詞可用on，表示是何種領域的文獻。
2. There is little specific guidance, however, on how students can use language to shape their work and to signal their intentions.
第二句就直接指出目前研究的缺口(research gap)，以前只有一般性(general)論述，所以現在需要特定性(specific)的研究。表「對反」的連接副詞however是置於句中，若置於句首形成However, there is little specific guidance on…也可以。
3. Using a group of undergraduate students as an example, this paper will argue that the clause relational analysis developed by Hoey and Winter (1986) can provide a framework for oral presentations, as well as giving them greater cohesion, and a method of analyzing their effectiveness.
第三句開始轉向描述此次的研究，句子相當長。首先使用現在分詞構句Using…指出研究的對象，主要子句中再包含一個名詞子句that…作動詞argue的受詞，提出研究所使用的工具和發展計工具的研究者，最後再提本研究希望達到的三個目的，用對等連接詞as well as和and來連結。
句型:
1. ______ need to ______, and there is a great deal of general literature on ______.
2. There is little specific guidance, however, on ______.
3. Using __研究對象____ as an example, this paper will argue that __分析工具或模式理論____ developed by ___研究者___ can provide a framework for __研究目的1____, as well as giving___研究目的2___, and a method of analyzing __研究目的3____.
l 練習:
請按以上講解說明以及你自己的研究內容，填入以下段落的空格來撰寫摘要:
___________________ need to ___________________, and there is a great deal of general literature on ___________________. There is little specific guidance, however, on ___________________. Using ___________________ as an example, this paper will argue that ___________________ developed by ___________________ can provide a framework for ___________________, as well as giving___________________, and a method of analyzing ___________________.
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